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Quad takes on cyber threats with new initiative

The Quad announcement said the goal is to protect cyber-users from cybercrimes and other cyber threats…reports Yashwant Raj

India, Australia, Japan and the United States on Tuesday launched an initiative to boost their cyber security called the ‘Quad Cyber Challenge’.

“We are inviting Internet-users across the Indo-Pacific and beyond to join the Challenge and pledge to practice safe and responsible cyber habits,” the White House said in an announcement.

“The Challenge reflects Quad’s continuing efforts to strengthen individuals’ and communities’ cyber security awareness and action, as well as to foster a more secure and resilient cyber ecosystem to benefit economies and users everywhere.”

The Challenge consists of a checklist for individuals and businesses to determine their cyber security situation, along with recommendations such as installing security updates, improving and regularly changing passwords, installing password managers, adopting two-step verification, locking up devices, and keeping back-up files.

The challenge will provide resources, including basic cybersecurity information and training, for all users and will culminate in events during the week of April 10.

“The Quad partners are working to ensure that everyone has access to the resources needed to make informed decisions while online and using smart devices,” the announcement said.

The Quad announcement said the goal is to protect cyber-users from cybercrimes and other cyber threats.

No sources are mentioned of these crimes and threats, but a lot of them originate in China. One such attack targeted India’s premier health institution, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, in November last year.

Chinese threat in telecom, 6G tech

Amid threats from China in the field of telecom and 6G technology, the Quad grouping has decided to ensure “security-by-design and best practices of cyber security,” according to a White House press release.

In a joint statement after the meeting of the Quad Senior Cyber Group in New Delhi on January 30 and 31, the Group said that it was working on identifying best security practices for software services and products and minimum critical infrastructure cyber security requirements. “Our meeting advanced the Group’s positive and ambitious agenda. Quad partners are working together to better secure cyberspace and foster an international digital economy that works for everyone, including regional partners in the Indo-Pacific,” read the release.

Observing that telecom security is a core function of national security, the statement said working in conjunction with Quad CET Working Group, the Group will strive to ensure that security-by-design and best practices of cyber security are incorporated in Open Radio Access Network (ORAN) and 6G technologies.

The Group also endorsed the Counter Ransomware Initiative (CRI) efforts (of which Quad countries are members) to drive international cooperation and joint action to tackle ransomware including through information and intelligence exchanges, sharing best practices regarding policy and legal authority frameworks, and collaboration between law enforcement and cyber authorities to conduct counter ransomware activities, it added.

In the longer term, the Group has also committed to: leveraging machine learning and related advanced technologies to enhance cyber security; establishing secure channels for Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERT) and private sector threat information sharing; and creating a framework and methodology for ensuring Supply Chain Security and Resilience for information communication technologies (ICT) and operational technology (OT) systems of critical sectors. (IANS/ANI)

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Jaishankar, UK counterpart discuss G20 Presidency agenda

India and UK have concluded six rounds of negotiations for a trade deal and will begin the next round very soon….reports Asian Lite News

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar received a call from United Kingdom Foreign Secretary James Cleverly and discussed the agenda of India’s G20 Presidency.

Taking to Twitter, Jaishankar said, “Received a call from UK Foreign Secretary @JamesCleverly. Reviewed our bilateral relationship and discussed the agenda of India’s G20 Presidency.” Notably, India and UK are working to conclude a Free Trade Agreement. Earlier, Britain’s High Commissioner Alex Ellis highlighted that after covering a lot of ground now the question is down to not just the technical details but political will on both sides to push for an early conclusion of the deal.

In the latest episode of ANI ‘Podcast with Smita Prakash’, the British High Commissioner underlined the benefits of the India-UK free trade deal, which he says is underpinned by the mutual trust between the two countries.

“We are getting towards the end of this negotiation I would say. It’s a long ascent up to any mountain, then you go through the valley for a long time, then you go up to the base camp, and then you do a short sharp ascent. That’s what we are trying to do. Both countries want to do the deal and that’s a big change,” he said in response to a question on the FTA.

In late January, Secretary of State for International Trade Anne-Marie Trevelyan, while addressing the London-based think tank Asia House said that the UK is working to conclude a Free Trade Agreement with India.

“I re-negotiated world-class, modern, and expansive free trade agreements and two new ones with Australia and New Zealand last year, and am working to conclude an FTA with India,” Trevelyan said.

The FTA, which aims to double bilateral trade by the year 2030 was expected to conclude by Diwali last year but the deal did not go through because the meeting was postponed.

The ties between India and the UK are often described as a Living Bridge, a dynamic economic force of people, businesses, and ideas. As Prime Minister Narendra Modi drives forward plans to make India a developed nation within the next 25 years and the UK forge deeper trade relationships around the globe, our connections are growing stronger every day.

India and UK have concluded six rounds of negotiations for a trade deal and will begin the next round very soon. Notably, India and UK began the negotiations for the Free Trade Agreement between the two nations in January 2022.

The UK-India free trade agreement is well-advanced. Although trade at the moment is worth pounds 29.6 billion, India is only the 12th largest trading partner of the UK.

The UK has signed trade deal agreements with 71 counties since its exit from the European Union in the year 2020. (ANI)

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Delhi hosts 5-day NCB training for Colombo Security Conclave countries

It is for the first time that training on drug matters is being conducted under the aegis of CSC…reports Asian Lite News

The five-day training of Colombo Security Conclave countries by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) began in New Delhi on Monday.

Other participants countries in the Conclave are Sri Lanka, Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles, including India which NCB organizes from February 6 – 10, 2023. The Conclave will focus on key areas like – Maritime drug trafficking, narco-terrorism, financial investigations, darknet & crypto currency investigations etc.

“5day Trng for Colombo Security Conclave countries by #NCB began @ Delhi tdy. SL, Maldives, Mauritius, Seychelles & India participating. Maritime trafficking, darknet &crypto, narco-terrorism, fin invstgn etc covered,” tweeted NCB India.

It will forge coordination and cooperation to contain trafficking of Southwest, including the Asian Opiatthe es in Indian Ocean Region.

Training of drug law enforcement officers of the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) countries is being organized by Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) and was inaugurated at NCB Headquarters, New Delhi by Sanjay Kumar Singh, Deputy Director General (Ops), NCB.

It is for the first time that training on drug matters is being conducted under the aegis of CSC. Besides participants from Sri Lanka, Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles, participants from the state police of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Delhi & Punjab as well as NCB officers are part of the training.

India, Sri Lanka and Maldives launched the trilateral on Maritime Security Cooperation in the year 2011 to enhance engagement and cooperation between the three countries on maritime security issues. The trilateral mechanism underwent an expansion in its scope in November 2020 at the 4th National Security Advisor level meeting held in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

At that meeting, the three-member countries agreed to expand the scope of cooperation to include other common security challenges faced by member countries.

It was also agreed to expand the membership of the group to include other like-minded countries in the Indian Ocean Region and rename the group as the “Colombo Security Conclave (CSC)”.

The training has been designed with the emerging drug trafficking scenario in the Indian Ocean Region, of which the CSC countries are part.

Some of the most relevant topics in this context like Maritime trafficking of drugs especially that of Afghan Heroin, Narco-Terrorism, Sea & AirPort interdiction of drugs etc. will be covered during the course of five days.

Topics to counter other emerging global drug trafficking threats are also included in the training. Clear web investigations, Dark-net & Crypto-currency investigations, Courier & Parcel interdictions, Financial investigations, Precursor control mechanisms etc. are some of the topics which are most relevant the world over.

Field visit to familiarize the participants with the chemical examination of drugs is also a part of the training.

Such capacity-building programs will strengthen the existing cooperation mechanism in the Indian Ocean Region by facilitating and forging synergy between countries to fight collectively against the drug menace which has grown into national security threat. (ANI)

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Paris Club backs IMF bailout for Lanka, hails India’s role

The Paris Club members also urged China, among other official bilateral creditors, to do the same in line with the IMF programme parameters as soon as possible….reports Susitha Fernando

Paris Club creditors, while providing financing assurances to support the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) approval of an Extended Fund Facility (EFF) for Sri Lanka, appreciated India’s specific and credible financing assurances issued earlier and its coordination with the Club.

The Paris Club is a group of officials from major creditor countries whose role is to find co-ordinated and sustainable solutions to the payment difficulties experienced by debtor countries.

Sri Lanka President’s media division announced on Tuesday that Sri Lanka’s bilateral official creditors, which are Paris Club members including Japan, France, Korea, Germany, the US, Spain, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Austria, Canada, the UK, Denmark, Belgium and Australia, have assured to support the IMF’s approval of $2.9 billion conditional financial assistance, which came as a relief for the cash-strapped island nation.

“To support the implementation of the envisaged IMF supported programme and the Sri Lankan authorities’ efforts with other official bilateral creditors, Paris Club members, jointly with Hungary, expressed their full commitment to negotiate with Sri Lanka’s terms of restructuring their eligible claims, in accordance with the comparability of treatment principle among all bilateral creditors, and with the goal of restoring debt sustainability with due regard to targets and overall macro economicgoals under the EFF,” Paris Club said in a statement, adding, “The members further expressed appreciation for the specific and credible financing assurances issued by India on January 16, and its coordination with the Paris Club.”

The Paris Club members also urged China, among other official bilateral creditors, to do the same in line with the IMF programme parameters as soon as possible.

Sri Lankan,india flag.

Paris Club members had held a meeting on January 25 in the presence of representatives from Hungary, Saudi Arabia, the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development and India, as well as from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, to provide financing assurances to support the approval by the IMF executive board of the envisaged IMF programme for Sri Lanka, which would allow to restore the country’s macro economic stability.

The members had examined the macroeconomic and financial situation of Sri Lanka, including its long-term debt sustainability, and the need for a debt treatment by all bilateral creditors to both fill the financing gap and to ensure Sri Lanka’s debt sustainability in line with the proposed Extended Fund Facility.

“We acknowledge that Sri Lankan authorities had the opportunity to present their economic and financial situation to its creditors, which underscored its need for debt treatment from all the creditors. They also presented their reform programme that will be supported by an IMF arrangement requiring debt treatment to restore debt sustainability, as well as the prior actions already implemented,” the Paris Club stated.

“Paris Club members as well as Hungary, Saudi Arabia and India continue to look forward to working together along with all bilateral creditors and to engage with other key stakeholders in order to proceed with a comparable debt restructuring as soon as possible,” the statement added.

“Shortly after the conclusion of a staff-level agreement between the Sri Lankan authorities and IMF staff on September 1, 2022, on a 48-month EFF arrangement, the Paris Club publicly stated its readiness to provide the necessary financing assurances in a timely manner and in coordination with other bilateral official creditors. To this end, the Paris Club has been engaging proactively with Sri Lankan authorities, the IMF, other official bilateral creditors, including by sharing its technical analysis in order to enhance the bilateral official creditors’ collective understanding of the need for debt treatment,” it said.

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China provides $6mn emergency aid to Turkey

China’s Red Cross will give emergency aid of USD 200,000 each to Turkey and Syria..reports Asian Lite News

China on Tuesday offered Turkey with USD 6 million in emergency aid to Turkey for earthquake relief, according to state broadcaster CCTV.

China expressed condolences and concern for the loss of life and property, and is in communications with both Turkey and Syria, a spokesperson from China International Development Cooperation Agency said. China will give a first tranche of 40 million yuan (USD 5.9 million) in emergency aid to help Turkey’s relief efforts, added CCTV.

China’s Red Cross will give emergency aid of USD 200,000 each to Turkey and Syria, it added.

Earlier, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and New Zealand Prime Minister Chris Hipkins on Monday announced USD 11 million in aid for earthquake-hit Turkey and Syria, reported CNN.

Both leaders pledged a combined total of USD 11.5 million in aid for victims of the devastating earthquake.

During a joint news conference in Canberra on Tuesday, Albanese said the country would provide an initial USD 10 million in humanitarian assistance through the Red Cross, Red Crescent and humanitarian agencies.

“Australia’s assistance will target those in greatest need,” he said.

Meanwhile, Hipkins, who is on his first state visit to Australia, said Wellington would contribute USD 1.5 million, reported CNN.

In a statement, New Zealand Foreign Minister Nanaia Mahuta said the “humanitarian contribution will support teams from the Turkish Red Crescent and Syrian Arab Red Crescent to deliver essential relief items such as food supplies, tents and blankets, and provide lifesaving medical assistance and psychological support.”

More than 4,300 people have been killed and thousands injured after a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck Turkey and Syria early Monday, according to officials and agencies, reported CNN.

At least 4,372 deaths have been confirmed after a powerful magnitude 7.8 earthquake rocked Turkey and Syria early Monday.

Thousands of buildings collapsed in both countries and aid agencies are particularly worried about north-western Syria, where more than 4 million people were already relying on humanitarian assistance.

The quake, one of the strongest to hit the region in more than 100 years, struck 23 kilometres (14.2 miles) east of Nurdagi, in Turkey’s Gaziantep province, at a depth of 24.1 kilometres (14.9 miles), the US Geological Survey said.

At least 100 aftershocks measuring 4.0 or greater have occurred since the 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck southern Turkey on Monday morning local time, according to the United States Geological Survey.

As the time from the original earthquake extends, the frequency and magnitude of the aftershocks tend to decrease.

However, 5.0 to 6.0-plus aftershocks are still likely to occur and bring a risk of additional damage to structures that are compromised from the original earthquake. This brings a continued threat to rescue teams and survivors.

The aftershocks stretch for more than 300 kilometres (186 miles) along the fault zone that ruptured in southern Turkey, oriented from southwest to northeast and stretching from the border with Syria up through the province of Malatya.

Millions of people in northwest Syria — mostly women and children — were already in “dire need” of humanitarian aid before the disaster, according to the United Nations, amid a harsh winter and a cholera outbreak. Turkey has taken in about 3.5 million Syrian refugees in recent years, according to the UN refugee agency, many of them in places now devastated by the quake, reported Washington Post. (ANI)

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Gwadar protests raised in Pakistan Senate

Gwadar has been witnessing protests on alleged illegal trawling in the sea..reports Asian Lite News

The issue of protests and sit-ins led by the Haq Do Tehreek (HDT) in Pakistan’s Gwadar was raised in Pakistan’s Senate on Monday. Pakistani lawmakers in Senate denounced the rights violations in Balochistan, The Express Tribune reported.

Protests led by Haq Do Tehreek chief Maulana Hidayat-ur-Rehman have been witnessed in Gwadar for the past year for being denied basic facilities, including healthcare, electricity, and clean drinking water.

In the session presided over by Chairman Sadiq Sanjrani, Jamaat-e-Islami’s Mushtaq Ahmed condemned the violation of basic human rights and lamented that more than 18 cases have been registered against the movement’s leader whose charter has gained popularity among the people, as per The Express Tribune report.

On Monday, Pakistan’s Minister of State for Law and Justice Shahadat Awan said addressing the Gwadar issues was primarily the provincial government’s responsibility, as per the news report. He made the remarks while holding the discussion on the motion presented by Senator Kamran Murtaza and Mushtaq Ahmed on the recent situation of protests in Gwadar City.

Gwadar has been witnessing protests on alleged illegal trawling in the sea, a high number of security checkpoints operating in and around the city and trade on the Pakistan-Iran Border impacting the residents of Gwadar, as per the news report.

During the session, Shahadat Awan said that local issues other than security or law and order were linked to the provincial government. He stated that the demands of small fishermen in Gwadar were fair. He said that Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif created a special committee to contain trawling.

“On November 21, 2021, the former prime minister created a special committee to contain trawling. However, on December 26, 2022, the Balochistan government requested the interior ministry to control the law and order situation that was aggravated after the death of a police constable,” The Express Tribune reported Shahadat Awan as saying.

Earlier, Pakistan Senator Mushtaq Ahmed while presenting the motion informed the house that Gwadar’s Haq Do Tehreek was a just protest in resistance to the mishandling of the stakeholders, persecution of women, children, elderly, and others for raising the demand for their fundamental rights, The Express Tribune reported.

“The Constitutions Articles 16, 17 and 19 allow the countrymen freedom of assembly, association and expression respectively. The locals of Gwadar are being deprived of all these. The Haq Do Tehreek leader Moulana Hidayatur Rehman held three sit-ins to draw the attention of the provincial government,” The Express Tribune quoted Mushtaq Ahmed as saying.

Pakistan Senator Ahmed said the Tehreek earlier presented 42-point demands to the Chief Minister pertaining to education, health, border trade, missing persons, water availability and others and termed them legal. Pakistan Senator Tahir Bizejo called on the House to take serious note of the situation in Gwadar, as per the news report.

“Chief Minister Balochistan Abdul Qudus Bizenjo had agreed to the demands of the Tehreek but was not implemented afterwards,” The Express Tribune quoted Ahmed as saying. (ANI)

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US reaffirms support to Pakistan in fight against terrorism

Over the past few months, terrorism has been rearing its head again in the country, especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan…reports Asian Lite News

The United States has reiterated its support to Pakistan in the fight against terrorism, saying the latter will continue to be a “stalwart partner” of the US in the face of recent terrorist attacks, according to a media report.

US State Department spokesperson Ned Price made this statement in response to a query at a weekly press briefing, Dawn reported.

On January 30, a powerful explosion ripped through a mosque in Peshawar’s Red Zone area where between 300 and 400 people � mostly police officers � had gathered for prayers. The suicide blast blew away the wall of the prayer hall and an inner roof, claiming 84 lives.

The outlawed Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) initially claimed responsibility for the attack. It later distanced itself from it but sources earlier indicated that it might have been the handiwork of some local faction of the outlawed group, Dawn reported.

Terrorism.



Commenting on the renewed wave of terrorism in Pakistan, Price said, “This is a scourge that affects Pakistan, it affects India, it affects Afghanistan. It is something that we’re focused on throughout the entire region.”

When it comes to Pakistan, he said, “They are an important partner of the US, and a partner in any number of ways,” Dawn reported.

“We’ve talked in recent days about our commitment to stand with Pakistan in the face of these security threats,” the spokesperson underlined.

Over the past few months, terrorism has been rearing its head again in the country, especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. Pakistan has seen a rise in terrorist attacks across the country, believed to have been planned and directed by TTP leaders based out of Afghanistan.

The TTP, which has ideological linkages with the Afghan Taliban, executed more than 100 attacks last year, most of which happened after August when the group’s peace talks with the Pakistan government began to falter. The ceasefire was formally ended last year on November 28 by the TTP.

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US will act if threatened, Biden warns China

The development came at a time when the two countries were moving to put the relationship on an even keel, building on the first in-person summit between Biden and Xi on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Bali…reports Asian Lite News

US President Joe Biden cited the shooting down of a Chinese spy balloon last week to warn Beijing that Washington “will act” if its sovereignty was threatened.

Delivering his second State of the Union address, an annual homily by a US President of past achievements and future plans, Biden used the shooting of the balloon — without going into specifics — to engage in some saber-rattling at Beijing even as sought to frame the relationship with China as a competition rather than a conflict.

“As we made clear last week, if China threatens our sovereignty, we will act to protect our country. And we did,” he said in his address on Tuesday night.

He went on to rub it in and added “name me a world leader who’d change places with (Chinese President) Xi Jinping… Name me one! Name me one!”.

The suspected Chinese spy balloon which was shot down by an American F-22 fighter jet over the Atlantic Ocean on February 4.

US defence officials had first announced they were tracking the “strange object” on February 2, and waited until it was safely over water before shooting it down.

The officials described it as a violation of American sovereignty and internal laws.

Debris of the balloon and its payload were salvaged off the coast of Myrtle Beach in South Carolina a day after it was shot down.

The development came at a time when the two countries were moving to put the relationship on an even keel, building on the first in-person summit between Biden and Xi on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Bali.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken immediately called off his weekend visit to Beijing for wide-ranging talks, including a meeting with President Xi, even after China had expressed regret in a rare display of contrition — it said the “airship” was meant to study weather and had strayed into American airspace.

In his Tuesday night address, other major foreign policy issue Biden addressed at some length was Ukraine.

He reiterated his administration’s commitment to helping Ukraine “as long as it takes” amid Moscow’s ongoing war against Kiev.

The US has sent billions worth of military equipment to help Ukraine defend itself in the face of Russian invasion, and he has rallied NATO and other allies to do the same.

“We united NATO and built a global coalition.We stood against (Russian President Vladimir) Putin’s aggression,” he said.

Biden’s speech was aimed largely at the domestic audience with talk of him getting ready to announce his re-election bid for 2024.

Even as he touted his administration’s achievements since he took office in 2021, Biden also issued an appeal for unity, and repeatedly asked the Republicans to work with him.

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India the biggest friend, says Lanka PM

Lanka PM called on Indian companies to invest further in Sri Lanka…reports Asian Lite News

Sri Lanka’s Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardene on Tuesday called India as the biggest friend of Sri Lanka in the time of crisis.

Addressing the Tata Tiscon Dealer Convention 2023, he called on Indian companies to invest further in Sri Lanka. Outlining the benefits of Indian investments in Sri Lanka, PM Gunawardene highlighted that 90 per cent of components used by Lanka Ashok Leyland were indigenous.

At the event, High Commissioner Gopal Baglay said that both the Indian government and Indian corporates are working to build relationships that are beneficial to the people within and beyond India, especially the neighbours, under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s “Neighbourhood First” Policy.

He added that the driving force behind this spirit of engagement was community-centred business practices and philosophy of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam or “world is one family”.

Referring to India and Sri Lanka as “civilisational twins”, the High Commissioner noted that both governments are promoting people to people as well as business to business ties. He added that presence of numerous Indian business entities for the convention was the biggest vote of confidence not only in the relationship between the two countries but also in Sri Lanka’s potential.

Business and commercial linkages between the two countries are witnessing steady growth.

India was the largest investor and also the biggest export destination for Sri Lanka in 2021. It continues to be the largest source of tourists as well. Indian companies in Sri Lanka actively support Sri Lanka’s economic recovery through increased economic activities, value addition of products, services, job creation for Sri Lankan nationals and direct assistance to the people of Sri Lanka through various CSR activities.

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Pension reform plans spark protests in France

Rail traffic was severely disrupted on Tuesday, and two unions representing employees of the French national railway company SNCF said that the strike was to continue on Wednesday….reports Asian Lite news

An estimated 757,000 people took to the streets across France to demand government to drop its proposed pension reforms, the Interior Ministry said on Tuesday.

However, the CGT, France’s largest union, said that the turnout exceeded two million during the third day of the general mobilisation against the pension reform that would raise the retirement age from 62 to 64, Xinhua news agency reported.

Turnout at the previous nationwide demonstration on January 31 was estimated by the Ministry at 1.2 million and by the CGT at 2.8 million.

In Paris, where the Ministry counted 57,000 demonstrators, police forces used tear gas to disperse the crowds that sparked clashes. By 6 p.m. local time, 17 people had been arrested.

Similarly to the previous two general mobilisations, workers from several public sectors went on strike on Tuesday. However, there were fewer strikers among teachers and in the public services than on January 31.

Rail traffic was severely disrupted on Tuesday, and two unions representing employees of the French national railway company SNCF said that the strike was to continue on Wednesday. A third of high-speed TGV trains as well as half of regional and intercity trains are to be cancelled.

The French multinational electricity company EDF said that more than 30 per cent of its employees were on strike at midday on Tuesday, which had greatly affected electricity production by late Tuesday morning.

The mobilisation remained strong in TotalEnergies where, according to the CGT, the strike rate varied between 75 and 100 per cent.

Although deliveries of petrol products from TotalEnergies sites were interrupted, the company’s management said that there was “no lack of fuel” in the group’s service stations.

In a joint statement, eight unions called on “the entire population to demonstrate even more massively on Saturday, February 11, throughout the territory to say no to this reform”.

On Tuesday, the French National Assembly kicked off a debate on the planned pension reform.

On January 10, Prime Minister Elisabeth Borne laid out details of the plan, which would progressively raise the legal retirement age by three months a year from 62 to 64 by 2030, and introduce a guaranteed minimum pension.

Starting in 2027, the plan would also require at least 43 years of work to be eligible for a full pension.

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