menstrual cycle – Central News Hub

Epilepsy and the Menstrual Cycle

Other hormones are being looked at as possible triggers of seizures during menses and at times of other hormonal changes in women…writes Dr. Ravindra Srivastava…reports Asian Lite News

“Understanding the intricate connection between hormonal fluctuations and seizure activity is crucial for managing epilepsy, especially in women. On National Epilepsy Day, let us raise awareness about catamenial seizures, a phenomenon where hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle can impact seizure frequency. As a physician, I emphasize the importance of tailored treatment approaches, including natural progesterone, oral contraceptives, and innovative options like gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues. By recognizing and addressing the unique challenges posed by catamenial epilepsy, we can strive for better outcomes and improved quality of life for individuals living with epilepsy.

The hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle are the most likely cause of changes in seizure frequency. The brain contains many nerve cells that are directly affected by estrogen and progesterone, the main sex hormones in women. Studies in animals have shown that high doses of estrogen can cause or worsen seizures, while progesterone can protect against seizures. It’s thought that seizures may occur in women with epilepsy because they don’t have enough progesterone at certain times of their cycle or there’s an imbalance between estrogen and progesterone. Other hormones are being looked at as possible triggers of seizures during menses and at times of other hormonal changes in women.

What strategies can be used to reduce seizures associated with the menstrual cycle?

Adjusting the dose of a seizure medication before the time of increased seizures (Note: This applies only to women with regular cycles.) Changes in seizure medicines should only be made with the advice of your health care provider. Reducing water retention that occurs in the premenstrual period, taking an additional seizure medication such as lorazepam (Ativan) for several days around the menstrual cycle, and using hormonal agents such as progesterone or birth control pills for women with catamenial epilepsy may help. While small studies have shown benefits for some women using progesterone to help control seizures, a randomized controlled study published in 2012 found no significant difference in women taking progesterone during parts of their cycle compared to women taking a placebo or non-active drug. Certain groups of women were found to benefit from progesterone treatment, however.

All women should track when their menses is due and look at other possible triggers at that time. Women sensitive to hormone changes can make sure they sleep well, don’t miss medicines, avoid other triggers or adjust their lifestyle to lessen the risk of seizures during their menses.”

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Signs of healthy menstrual cycle

A healthy menstrual cycle is not only indicative of good reproductive health but also reflects overall well-being. It is essential for women to pay attention to their menstrual cycles and understand what constitutes a healthy and normal period. By being aware of the signs of a healthy menstrual cycle, women can better monitor their reproductive health and seek medical attention if any irregularities arise. Dr. Vishesh Kasliwal, MBBS, DEM and Founder, Medyseva shares five signs of a healthy menstrual cycle that should not be ignored.

Regular Cycle Length:

A regular menstrual cycle generally lasts between 21 to 35 days. While the length may vary slightly from woman to woman, consistency is key. Having a predictable cycle length suggests that the body is ovulating regularly and releasing an egg for potential fertilization. Irregular cycles, on the other hand, can indicate hormonal imbalances, stress, or other underlying health issues. If your menstrual cycle regularly falls outside the typical range, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional to investigate the cause.

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Normal Bleeding:

The amount and duration of menstrual bleeding can vary from woman to woman. However, a healthy menstrual cycle involves a moderate to heavy flow for an average of two to seven days. If you experience excessively heavy bleeding that requires changing sanitary products more frequently than every two hours or if your period lasts longer than seven days, it may be a sign of an underlying health condition such as uterine fibroids or hormonal imbalances. Likewise, abnormally light periods or spotting may indicate issues with ovulation or the uterine lining. Any persistent deviation from the norm should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Minimal Pain and Discomfort:

While some degree of discomfort during menstruation is common, excessive pain or debilitating cramps may be a sign of an underlying problem. Mild cramping caused by uterine contractions is normal, but severe pain that interferes with daily activities or requires the use of pain medication should not be ignored. Conditions such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or fibroids can cause intense menstrual pain. If you experience severe or worsening pain during your period, it is crucial to seek medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Consistent Cycle Length:

Consistency in cycle length is another essential sign of a healthy menstrual cycle. It means that the duration between the start of one period and the start of the next is relatively stable. Tracking your cycles on a calendar or using a period-tracking app can help identify any irregularities or changes in cycle length. Significant variations or sudden changes in the length of your menstrual cycle may indicate hormonal imbalances, stress, or other underlying health conditions. Consulting a healthcare professional is recommended if you notice persistent irregularities in your cycle length.

Balanced Mood and Energy Levels:

Fluctuations in hormones during the menstrual cycle can affect mood and energy levels. However, a healthy menstrual cycle involves manageable mood swings and only slight changes in energy levels. Feeling excessively fatigued, experiencing severe mood swings, or struggling with persistent feelings of sadness or anxiety during your period may indicate hormonal imbalances or even conditions such as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). If these symptoms significantly impact your daily life, it is important to seek medical support for appropriate management strategies.

In conclusion, paying attention to the signs of a healthy menstrual cycle is crucial for women’s overall well-being. Regular cycle length, normal bleeding patterns, minimal pain and discomfort, consistent cycle length, and balanced mood and energy levels are all important indicators of reproductive health. Any persistent deviations from these signs should not be ignored, as they may signal underlying health issues that require medical attention. By understanding what constitutes a healthy menstrual cycle and seeking appropriate care, women can proactively manage their reproductive health and ensure their overall well-being.

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