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‘Pather Panchali’ is the only Indian film among ‘100 Greatest Movies of All Time’

“The film’s captivating images include chasing after a passing train and playing in a monsoon, which add up to a pure and soul-nourishing experience.”…reports Asian Lite News

Satyajit Ray’s neo-realist classic, ‘Pather Panchali’, is the only Indian film to feature in 117-year-old ‘Variety’ magazine’s first-ever ‘100 Greatest Movies Of All Time’ list.

The list is important because it has been put together by more than 30 editors and writers of the magazine that invented the word ‘showbiz’. They include Manori Ravindran, the London-based international executive editor, and Rajinikanth’s biographer and ‘Variety’ contributor Naman Ramachandran.

Topped by Alfred Hitchcock’s slasher masterpiece, ‘Psycho’ (1960), the list’s top five movies are ‘The Wizard of Oz’ (1939), ‘The Godfather’ (1972), ‘Citizen Kane’ (1941) and ‘Pulp Fiction’ (1994).

Also included are memorable classics that are on the syllabi of every respectable film institute — from Charlie Chaplin’s ‘City Lights’ to ‘Casablanca’, ‘The Rules of the Game’, ‘Singin’ in the Rain’, ‘All About Eve’, ‘It’s A Wonderful Life’ and ‘Seven Samurai’.

What makes the list a collector’s item is that it provides a link to the review carried by ‘Variety’ at the time of the release of each of the included films, which range from Ann Bancroft-Dustin Hoffman classic ‘The Graduate’ at No.100, to genre-defining sci-fi films such as ‘Alien’ (1979), Steven Spielberg’s ‘E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial’ (1982) the second ‘Star Wars’ movie, ‘The Empire Strikes Back’ (1980) and Stanley Kubrick’s ‘2001: A Space Odyssey’ (1968) , to blockbusters like ‘Gone With The Wind’ (1939), ‘Silence of the Lambs’ (1991), Lawrence of Arabia (1962), King Kong (1933), ‘My Best Friend’s Wedding’ (1997) and the James Bond movie ‘Goldfinger'(1964),

Also included are memorable classics (listed here in the ascending order) that are now musts on the syllabus of all respectable film institutes — from Charlie Chaplin’s ‘City Lights’ (1931) to ‘Casablanca’ (1942), ‘The Rules of the Game’ (1942), ‘Singin’ in the Rain’ (1952), ‘All About Eve’ (1950), ‘It’s A Wonderful Life’ (1946) and ‘Seven Samurai’ (1954).

In their comment on why they included ‘Pather Panchali’ (ranked No. 55), the jury noted: “Long before Richard Linklater’s ‘Boyhood’, there was Satyajit Ray’s exquisitely paced and structured Apu Trilogy, the holy peak of all chaptered coming-of-age narratives.

“Restrained but also universally relatable, the Bengali filmmaker’s debut is the first of those three movies, which put Indian cinema on the international art-house map. Like a regional riff on Italian Neorealism, the inherently humanist ‘Pather Panchali’ is both a loving portrait of a mostly matriarchal upbringing and an awe-inspiring vision of rural life, as reflected through the impressionable eyes of its young protagonist.

“The film’s captivating images include chasing after a passing train and playing in a monsoon, which add up to a pure and soul-nourishing experience.”

Back in its time, Ray’s film, based on Bibhuti Bhushan Bandyopadhyay’s 1929 novel of the same name, featured a little-known cast and was produced by the Government of West Bengal on a shoestring budget. It won the 1955 National Award for best film and was named the best human document at Cannes in 1956.

At that time, ‘Variety’ had commented: “The film … poetically and lyrically unfolds a tender but penetrating tale of coming of age in India, a land of poverty but also of spiritual hope. Two adolescents, a boy and his sister, grow up in this atmosphere. The film fuses all aspects of picture making into a moving whole that shows India perceptively for the first time to a Western audience.

“The treatment of old age is one of the most profound ever seen on the screen. An old woman lives and dies among the budding children with a dignity and beauty that counterpoints the growth and experiences of the children. Acting, lensing and all other aspects are masterfully orchestrated by Ray into a document on life in India.”

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SPECIAL: My personal reminiscences of the Master

Although a film buff myself, Ray’s influence on my life has been magnetic here I discovered the language of pure cinema. I decided to make film-making a career. In the sixties I came to Britain to study film technique and after finishing my course I was lucky enough to get a break in the industry as the sixties was quite a busy period at the time I was among  the three Indian technicians…. Writes Dilip Roy

“I have spent a fortune travelling to distant shores and looked at lofty mountains and boundless oceans, and yet I haven’t found time to take few steps from home to look at single dew drop on a single blade of grass.”    Rabindranath Tagore to young Satyajit age (7)

Geniuses are born only once in a lifetime. They come like a shooting star and fall on earth like a meteorite making a huge impact. Satyajit Ray (1921-1992) was one such meteorite whose indelible  influence in the world of art and intelligentsia is paramount. In 1956, the year Ray’s film Pather Panchali burst into the international scene by winning a special prize at Cannes and at Venice the following year for Aparajito. Since then Ray’s name became synonymous with the intellectual giants of world cinema such as Antonioni, Bergman and Kurosawa thus forming a quartet of world cinema along with other French new wave and Italian neo realist film directors of the fifties and sixties. Ray went on to win top prizes at every major film festivals of the world. As a complete film maker his was a singular achievement in World Cinema and for nearly forty years he carried the can for India in the international film scene.

Satyajit Ray working on “The Apu Trilogy”

Although a film buff myself, Ray’s influence on my life has been magnetic here I discovered the language of pure cinema. I decided to make filmmaking a career. In the sixties I came to Britain to study film technique and after finishing my course I was lucky enough to get a break in the industry as the sixties was quite a busy period at the time I was among  the three Indian technicians. At the London’s National Film Theatre where one could the see the cream of World cinema naturally I became a member and I would manage to see every Ray film shown at the London film festival. However, my first glimpse of the man was in the 1968 London film festival when he came to introduce his film Adventures of Goopy and Bagha standing at the mike and speaking eloquently in a baritone voice  he was as majestic as Kanchenjunga it was then I decided to meet my mentor.

Smaran Ghosal as Apu in “Aparajito”

It happened on the 5th of July 1974 when Ray came to receive an honorary degree by the Royal College of Art London for his contribution to Cinema. That evening a buffet was organized in collaboration with the British Film Institute and the Indian High Commission in Ray’s honour and being among the invited guests, naturally I was introduced to him by PR officer Pamela Cullen of Indian High Commission who introduced me as I was one of the few Indians working in the British film industry at the time. I was a bit nervous at first to meet such a huge Icon but Ray managed to put me at ease although our conversation was short with so many people around him, I shall always treasure the photograph of myself with Ray which the NFT photographer so kindly obliged.

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The poster size photograph now hangs in my main room. I met Ray again on 25th Oct. 1975 when he was invited as the chief guest on the 50th anniversary of British Federation of Film Societies and I had the opportunity to meet him once again. After his lecture at NFT I met him in the lobby and as I had a copy of Marie Seton’s biography of Ray with me which he autographed in English and the commemorative brochure which I had he insisted that he will sign it in Bengali to which I happily agreed.

Actor Soumitra Chatterjee during inauguration of Nemai Ghosh’s photo exhibition “Satyajit Ray The Many Moods of a Maestro” in Kolkata, on May 30, 2017. (Photo IANS)

However, my happiest and last meeting with the Maestro was on 12th May 1982 when in London he was invited at a private gathering, being one of the few guests, this was a big moment for me for almost an hour sitting right next to the grand master of World cinema it was an exhilarating experience for me since the crowd was small I could keep him engaged in topics like world cinema. I told him about my meeting with him twice before, which he remembered. Ray asked me what I was doing so I told him my forthcoming engagement with Attenborough’s film Gandhi he was keen to know about my involvement in the movie so I told him that I was going to be one of the assistant editors Ray being an ace editor himself, he was also keen to know about main actors since he has already worked with Attenborough in his film The Chess Players.

He also asked how did I get involved in the British film industry. So my answer was I came into the picture when there was a boom between 1966 to 1970 when American companies like Columbia, Paramount, MGM and Universal were financing most of the productions but a lot of movies were box office failures hence the Americans stopped financing. However, I did manage to work with Oscar winning veteran actress Joan Crawford’s last film TROG a science fiction movie. I told Ray that I had two letters from her and asked me visit her if ever I came to America looking back that was the biggest mistake of my life of not taking the opportunity and thus my ambition of the American dream remained unfulfilled which I regret to this day.      

Ray with Ravi Shankar recording for Pather Panchali (Wikipedia)

April 1992 was year of both joy as well as sorrow. It was a sheer delight to hear on the news   that Ray was being honoured by the American Academy with a special OSCAR for the lifetime achievement for his contribution to the world of cinema. In its 64 year history of OSCAR Ray became the first Indian to receive this supreme honour a crowning glory for a man who put India on the cultural map of the world. Unfortunately, as he was too ill to attend the ceremony, the Academy made a special arrangement to televise the entire  presentation by none other than the famous actress Audrey Hepburn. Ray from the Calcutta hospital bed, holding the golden statute in hand he said this is” greatest accolade for a film maker.” Ray passed away on 23rd April leaving the world that much poorer. Ray’s demise was not only a great loss for India, but to the entire cultural establishment of the world.

Bellow is the greatest tribute paid by one of the greatest fellow film-makers of 20th century

“not to have seen the films of Satyajit Ray would mean existing in the world without seeing the sun or the moon.”                                           (Akira Kurosawa)

Postscript: I have also had the opportunity to meet three giants of Cinema. Antonioni, Bergman and Kurosawa at the BFI’s Guardian lecture series.

A noted author and film critic Penelope Houston observed in her excellent little book (The Contemporary Cinema published 1963) states “Until someone else comes along to change it, Satyajit Ray’s Bengal will be the Cinema’s India.”

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